The gear question I tend to get most often is, “what kind of hiking  shoes should I get?”.  “I don’t know.  I’ve never used your feet,” is typical as my reply.  The feet are the most vital set of hiking equipment we have determining, perhaps quicker than anything else, whether a hike is ultimately remembered fondly.  It is also a defining factor for novices as to whether they stay with hiking.  Cheryl Strayed went into excruciating detail about her feet in her book Wild, ultimately leading to losing her boots over the side of a cliff.  As far as I remember, her feet were not in them at the time.

My feet are highly personal to me.  I am the only one that ever uses them.  I never loan them out.  And like most earth traversing bipeds, we have plenty of time to think while hiking. So I developed my Philosophy of Feet.  There are plenty of great websites that give all the basic advice on shoe selection.  This post is about coming to terms with our feet and and perhaps confronting a myth or two that leads to expensive purchases, and of course, extra weight.

The Myth of Dry Feet

Abrams Creek at Hannah Mountain Trail

The Great Smoky Mountain National Park is a rain forrest.  Average annual rainfall in the park ranges from 55 inches in the lower sections to more than 85 inches atop the ridges.  To our great fortune, that water moves down the 2,900 miles of rivers and streams, over the spectacular falls and cascades that present the symphonies of water music and the lullabies that sing us to sleep.  Some trails are known for their prolific number of stream crossings; Eagle Creek (17), Beard Cane (16), Lakeshore (15), Bone Valley (5 crossings in 1.8 miles) and others.  Abrams Creek must be forded knee deep twice, at Hannah Mountain Trail and lately near the Trailhead on Rabbit Creek Trail with the bridge washed out.  Rock hopping gets you over many of the crossings but ultimately, you will either slip or find there is not a suitable dry crossing.  Rock hopping in winter is downright treacherous as invisible ice forms on rocks inviting your feet to land, only to land your bottom in the creek.

The Myth of the Waterproof Boot

Waterproof boots are better at holding water IN than they are keeping water OUT.  And unless you never hike in the rain or always wear fisherman’s waiters, water will get into your boots.

Born To Run

Christopher McDougall’s book Born To Run was a deep dive in how humans were built for covering long distances on foot and how modern technology has actually interfered with our natural ability to do so.  He lived with the Tarahumara Indians of Mexico to learn how they can run hundreds of miles day after day wearing no more than thin leather sandals.  His hypothesis is that modern running shoe technology has provided too much cushioning and it impedes the natural movement of the foot and running gait leading to injuries.  He cites research that despite high tech shoes costing north of $150 per pair, foot and leg injuries have gone up over the years.  This has sparked a strange movement of barefoot runners and minimalist running shoes, which is a topic for another time.  But the bottom line is that over-cushioned and stiff soles, interfere with the way our feet flex and adjust to the terrain in which we walk.  Notionally, we are better off with fewer restrictions in binding our feet in shoes.

A Pound On Your Feet Adds 5 Pounds To Your Back

This axiom has been around for decades.  There’s a great article by Akweli Parker that cites research by the US Army stating “Weight on the feet is disproportionately more exhausting than weight carried on the torso.”  The conclusion was that “carrying an amount of weight on the feet required between 4.7 and 6.4 times as much energy as carrying that same weight on one’s back.”  So this venerated folktale wisdom seems to have to scientific backing.

Blistering Heat

The source of blisters is almost always bad fitting shoes, meaning shoes that are too small and too inflexible.  Blisters are caused by friction.  While excess movement can be a contributing factor, it’s the conditions of that movement that actually lead to the burns.  Rigid inflexible shoe soles cause the feet to move inside the shoe.  Built up moisture softens the skin and worsens the effect of excess movement.  Feet also like to move in the shoe.  Shoes that are too small restrict the natural movement of the feet (such as the toe region) and force the movement toward the pads of the feet.  Feet swell when hiking.   Tight fitting shoes displace this natural movement to other parts of the feet that are more prone to blisters.

The Water’s Fine…

It was perhaps in the Pretty Hollow Gap area, after several unsuccessful attempts at rock hopping that an epiphany struck.  I have spent a lot of money and tried a lot of tricks (gaiters, wrapping my feet in plastic trash bags, no really) and hopped (slipped on) a lot of rocks and carried heavy sandals and expended a lot of stress and emotion… all in the quest of dry feet.  On this day, it rained and when it rains, you give up to being wet.  In that moment, I unconsciously quit worrying about getting my feet wet.  It simply didn’t matter anymore.  Then my mind played a strange trick on me.  It brought this thought to my consciousness.  When you’re not worried about getting your feet wet, rock hopping is no longer an imperative.  Then you realize that wet feet, once they’re wet, are not so bad.  It became one of those existential questions; “Why am I here?”, “Where did I come from?”, “Why am I afraid to get my feet wet?”.  Water is the stuff of life.  It’s one of those things that made life possible on this third rock from the Sun.  I was freed that day of the fear of wet feet.

And So…

When you embrace the inevitable fact that your feet will get wet when you hike 900 miles in the Smokies, it opens up new possibilities to how your dogs are shod.  You no longer require waterproofness.  In fact, you will seek a shoe that leaks like a sieve because you want the water to have an easy exit.  It’s not about the presence of moisture but the amount and where it goes.  This is a thing that will confuse the sales person at the outfitter as they try to convince you to buy expensive GoreTex; “No, please show me your lightest, most leaky shoe first.”  Chota makes shoes for canoeists who paddle the Boundary Waters of Minnesota.  The proper way to ingress a canoe is to walk into the water with the boat afloat and step into it.  Wet feet are a given.  Chota actually puts little vents on the insoles of their shoes so the water can flow right out.  I have been known to punch a couple small holes in the insole of my hiking shoes.  When I ford a creek, my feet are pretty dry within a half mile or so of hiking because the water works it’s way out of the shoe pretty quickly.  Slightly damp, yes.  Soaked no.

Sock It To Me

The old school traditional wisdom on socks was to wear thick wool socks with thin polypropylene or silk sock liners.  This was in the era of heavy full grain leather mountaineering boots, which were about the only option available to hikers back in the day.  The wool socks were padded and insulating and the liners were for wicking moisture away from the skin.  Since the liners couldn’t absorb and keep moisture, the feet remained slightly damp rather than completely soaked.  Plus, the liners served as a second skin to guard against friction.  Some lightweight guru along the way asked a simple question.  “If my shoes drain well, why do I need the thick socks?”  Ray Jardine advocates cheap men’s dress socks which you can buy for 3/ $10 at your favorite discount retailer.

The Cold Truth

Snow on Maddron Bald Trail

It’s been my experience that hiking keeps your feet warm. Even in the winter through snow. Most 900 Milers avail themselves of the off-season, especially for the more popular trails.  I hiked Maddron Bald the end of February in 8 inches of snow.  If it’s winter and you hike above 4,500 ft., you’ll hit snow.  Yes, my feet get wet and cool.  But I never have a problem with severe cold.  When my hiking is suspended for the day, I make sure to have dry warm socks and in the pack.

Soul of the Sole

My ideal shoe is the lightest, leakiest, reasonably flexible, least padded, cheapest shoes I can find.  I pair them with thin ankle high merino wool socks.  I have about 600 miles on a pair of Salomon XSCREAM trail runners.  They weigh together 1 lb. 6 oz.  They only have a few miles left and I will be sad to retire them.  As far as I can tell, Salomon discontinued the model and replaced them with the X Mission 3.  One of the gripes I have with gear providers is that in order to project cutting edge design and a sense of what’s new, they tend to retire good products for no other reason than they are so last year.

My feet have never been happier since I went lightweight and free flowing.  I rarely blister and I don’t have aches and soreness from moving against rigid hard soles.  My preference is still to rock hop creeks if reasonable but a good soaking is no longer the end of my happiness.

Of course, I could be wrong…

  Shalom.  Strider out…

A Tale of Two Hikers

Any article on lightweight backpacking mentions the big three; Tent, Sleeping Bag and Pack.  Two recent experiences have led me to believe the attainment of lightweight enlightenment with regard to the Big Three is more elusive than previously credited.  In the first case, a friend is in the first couple weeks of her Mountain-to-Sea Trail thru hike across North Carolina and she is experiencing the typical break-in period most thru hikers face:  shaking down equipment, initial confrontation with less than desirable physical condition and the realization this is going to be hard.  And like most freshman thru hikers, there is the inevitable effort to lose pack weight.  I had provided some pre-hike coaching and helped her shed a few pounds but when we had a telephone catchup, she was still hauling over 30 pounds.  So we went through everything, item by item, starting with the Big Three.  She reported to me that her sleeping bag, pack, tent and sleeping pad still weighed about 17 lb. which couldn’t be true because the tent and bag were only about 5.5 lb. together.  I know because I loaned them to her.  The pad was another pound and finally we got to the root of the matter.  Her pack weighed nearly 7 lb. empty.  She bought a good pack from a reputable outfitter.  No blame here but a 7 lb. pack for someone less than 5’6″ was a bad fit.

Now to the second part of the story.  Yesterday, upon returning from a day hike with a friend on West Prong Trail, I engaged in one my my favorite post hike celebrations in Maryville.  That being a stop at Little River Trading Company.  I wanted to share what wisdom I could on backpack choices.  A helpful sales guy was right there at the backpacks and was quick to engage us.  I stood back and listened to his approach to see where he would lead my friend.  He asked to typical questions like, “what kind of hiking are you going to be doing?”  At no time did the question of weight come up.  My friend’s attention was directed to a popular brand with plenty of room and would certainly meet his technical needs.  But pack weight was never discussed, even when I suggested the lighter weight brand I prefer.

Sales people are no doubt helpful but it is my contention they rarely steer the novice toward the lightweight options unless pressed to do so directly.  With packs, the thing is size and suspension technology.  With sleeping bags, it’s temperature rating and price and with tents, well I’m not sure because I’ve never bought one from a store.  And this is why my Mountain-to-Sea Thru-hiker friend is carrying over 25 lb. in base pack weight. So here are two basic rules when looking for one or more of the Big Three, or any other piece of gear.

Basic Target Weight for the Big Three

The maximum target weight for the Big Three combined is no more than 9 lb. total weight.  Breaking that down, target 3 lb. for a tent, 2.5 lb. for a summer weight sleeping bag and no more than 3 lb. for a pack.  It’s not difficult to do less weight but you start to run against cost, especially with sleeping bags.  Tent’s and packs weighing 3 lb. or less each are no less durable or more expensive than any others.  Beware the popular brands that offer a lot of features and technology.  That translates to cost and weight.  My North Face summer down bag weighs about 2.5 lb. and my Eureka one-man tent weighs barely 3 lb.  Neither came with a hefty price tag and both can be found on sale for $150 each or less.  My ULA Circuit holds 4,200 cubic inches and weighs 2.5 lbs.  It sells for $235 which is comparable to other major brands.  Total for theBig Three in this example: 8 lb.

Helpful Sales People: How to Help Them Help You

Outfitters offer a great service and they desire to get you quality gear but like any other sales person, if you go in without some prep work, they will make recommendations based on their priorities, which is to sell you the best pack in their opinion.  They may not put pack weight at the top of the list of most desirable features so you will have to.  Pack weight should be number one after good fit.  Size should be secondary.  3,500 cubic inches is plenty for week long trips as it is quite enough for through hikers.  Sales people may direct you to bigger packs so you will always have enough room for whatever but size adds weight.  Most popular brands have lightweight models at reasonable cost.  You just have to ask.

Use the same strategy for sleeping bags and tents.  If they can’t offer you a reasonably priced product under 3 lb., move on to another store.  Or find a good friend with extra gear to loan you…

Erik The Black’s Backpacking Blog has a great article with further wisdom on choosing the Big Three

  Shalom.  Strider out…